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Mobile phone Wikipedia

The first handheld mobile phone was demonstrated by Martin Cooper of Motorola in New York City on 3 April 1973, using a handset weighing c.
Restrictions on the use of mobile phones are applied in a number of different contexts, often with the goal of health, safety, security or proper functioning of an establishment, or as a matter of etiquette. In Israel, similar phones to kosher phones with restricted features exist to observe the sabbath; under Orthodox Judaism, the use of any electrical device is generally prohibited during this time, other than to save lives, or reduce the risk of death or similar needs. Demand for metals used in mobile phones and other electronics fuelled the Second Congo War, which claimed almost 5.5 million lives. Even so, mobile phones typically have less value on the second-hand market if the phones original IMEI is blacklisted.
Beyond traditional voice communication, digital mobile phones have evolved to support a wide range of additional services. Contrary to popular misconception, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) does not actually prohibit the use of personal electronic devices (including cell phones) on aircraft. By contrast, smartphones generally use a mobile operating system that often shares common traits across devices.

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• Recently, unique content for mobile phones has been emerging, from ringtones and ringback tones to mobisodes, video content that has been produced exclusively for mobile phones.citation needed
• The term „5G“ was originally used in research papers and projects to denote the next major phase in mobile telecommunication standards beyond the 4G/IMT-Advanced standards.
• In 1979, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT) launched the world’s first cellular network in Japan.
• Due to bandwidth limitations each cell will have a maximum number of cell phones it can handle at once.
• Due to the increasing complexity of mobile phones, they are often more like mobile computers in their available uses.
• Capacity was further increased when phone companies implemented digital networks.

In addition, they enable multimedia playback and streaming, including video content, as well as radio and television streaming. These include text messaging, multimedia messaging, email, and internet access (via LTE, 5G NR or Wi-Fi), as well as short-range wireless technologies like Bluetooth, infrared, and ultra-wideband (UWB). This radio frequency link connects to the switching systems of a mobile phone operator, providing access to the public switched telephone network (PSTN). While there are rumors of mobile phones causing cancer, there was a study conducted by International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) that stated the there could be an increase risk of brain tumors with the use of smartphones, this is not confirmed. In Europe, regulations and technology have allowed the limited introduction of the use of passenger mobile phones on some commercial flights, and elsewhere in the world many airlines are moving towards allowing mobile phone use in flight.

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Some audio-quality enhancing features, such as Voice over LTE and HD Voice, have appeared and are often available on newer smartphones. Liquid-crystal displays are the most common; others are IPS, LED, OLED, and AMOLED displays. Screen sizes are often measured in diagonal inches or millimeters; feature phones generally have screen sizes below cash lounge casino 90 millimetres (3.5 in). Depending on the device’s type and design, the screen fills most or nearly all of the space on a device’s front surface. Mobile processors commonly use heterogeneous multicore architectures, combining cores with different performance and power characteristics so that computational workloads can be distributed according to their processing requirements and energy constraints. With smartphones, NAND flash memory was adopted as it has larger storage capacities and lower costs, but causes longer boot times because instructions cannot be executed from it directly, and must be copied to RAM memory first before execution.
A major breakthrough came in 1973, when the first handheld cellular mobile phone was demonstrated by John F. Mitchell and Martin Cooper of Motorola, using a handset weighing 2 kilograms (4.4 lb). Early mobile phones required vehicle installation due to their size and power needs. These 0G systems were not cellular, supported a few simultaneous calls, and were very expensive. The advances in mobile telephony have been traced in successive „generations“, starting with the early zeroth-generation (0G) services, such as Bell System’s Mobile Telephone Service and its successor, the Improved Mobile Telephone Service. A handheld mobile radio telephone service was envisioned in the early stages of radio engineering.

• In the earliest mobile phone systems by contrast, all control was done manually; the customer would search for an unoccupied channel and speak to a mobile operator to request connection of a call to a landline number or another mobile.
• Of the two, Android has been the best-selling system worldwide on smartphones since 2011, and as of March 2025, Android had 71.9% of the overall market share, while iOS had 27.7%.
• In 2013, a national survey in the US reported the number of drivers who reported using their cellphones to access the Internet while driving had risen to nearly one of four.
• By contrast, smartphones generally use a mobile operating system that often shares common traits across devices.
• A hybrid mobile phone can hold up to four SIM cards, with a phone having a different device identifier for each SIM Card.
• In addition, they enable multimedia playback and streaming, including video content, as well as radio and television streaming.

A hybrid mobile phone can hold up to four SIM cards, with a phone having a different device identifier for each SIM Card. The SIM card allows users to change phones by simply removing the SIM card from one mobile phone and inserting it into another mobile phone or broadband telephony device, provided that this is not prevented by a SIM lock. The SIM card is approximately the size of a small postage stamp and is usually placed underneath the battery in the rear of the unit. Most modern mobile phones use lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, which are designed to endure between 500 and 2,500 charge cycles. The typical lifespan of a mobile phone battery is approximately two to three years, although this varies based on usage patterns, environmental conditions, and overall care.
3G is able to provide mobile broadband access of several Mbit/s to smartphones and mobile modems in laptop computers. These first-generation (1G) systems could support far more simultaneous calls but still used analog cellular technology. Early predecessors of cellular phones included analog radio communications from ships and trains. „Mobile phone“ is the most common English-language term, while the term „cell phone“ is in more common use in North America – both are in essence shorter versions of „mobile telephone“ and „cellular telephone“, respectively.

Screen time, the amount of time using a device with a screen, has become an issue for mobile phones since the adaptation of smartphones. As of 2007, some hospitals had banned mobile devices due to a common misconception that their use would create significant electromagnetic interference. This database of laws provides a comprehensive view of the provisions of laws that restrict the use of mobile communication devices while driving for all 50 states and the District of Columbia between 1992 when first law was passed, through 1 December 2010. Japan prohibits all mobile phone use while driving, including use of hands-free devices.

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The petition is part of a joint effort by New York Attorney General Eric Schneiderman and San Francisco District Attorney George Gascón and was directed to the CEOs of the major smartphone manufacturers and telecommunication carriers. Studies have shown that around 40–50% of the environmental impact of mobile phones occurs during the manufacture of their printed wiring boards and integrated circuits. China has proposed using this technology to track the commuting patterns of Beijing city residents. Enabling contactless payments through NFC-equipped mobile phones requires the co-operation of manufacturers, network operators, and retail merchants. A pilot project in Bali was launched in 2011 by the International Finance Corporation and an Indonesian bank, Bank Mandiri.